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Home  /  Solar site surveys  /  Ohio

Solar site surveys · Ohio

Solar site surveys in Ohio

A technician on the roof, in the attic and at the service panel, with the survey read against the code editions, AHJs and utilities that apply in Ohio.

NEC 2023Electrical code in effect
3Utilities covered here
48 hrsSurvey to deliverable
Nationwide500+ technicians
Short answer

Ohio sets one statewide code stack: the Residential Code of Ohio (2018 IRC base) with the 2023 NEC for one- to three-family homes, the 2024 Ohio Building Code for everything else, and a 2025 Ohio Fire Code that pulls in the 2024 IFC's energy-systems chapter. Permits come only from building departments certified by the Board of Building Standards, and net metering credits monthly excess generation at the energy component of the utility's standard service offer rather than the full retail rate.

What changes in Ohio

The capture spec is the same everywhere. What the engineer and the plan reviewer read it against is not.

OH · METROSColumbus
Code stack
2023NEC 2023National Electrical Code · effective Mar 1, 2024. The 2024 Ohio Building Code's electrical chapter uses the 2023 NEC from March 1, 2024, and the Board of Building Standards moved the Residential Code of Ohio's electrical chapter to the 2023 NEC in the same amendment round (the rule on file shows April 15, 2024). The code is statewide, so certified local departments cannot pick a different edition.1,2,3,4
2018IRC 2018The 2019 Residential Code of Ohio (OAC 4101:8) is based on the 2018 IRC and covers one-, two- and three-family dwellings; in July 2026 the Board opened a five-year review of the RCO rules with stakeholder comments.5,6
2021IBC 2021The 2024 Ohio Building Code, based on the 2021 IBC, has applied to commercial and multifamily (four or more units) projects since March 1, 2024.7,1
2021IFC 2021The Ohio Fire Code (OAC 1301:7-7), effective November 20, 2025, adopts most of the 2021 IFC but takes Chapter 12 (energy systems, including rooftop PV) from the 2024 IFC.8,9
Rooftop fire access. Homes under the Residential Code of Ohio follow R324.6: two 36-inch eave-to-ridge pathways on separate planes (one on the street or driveway side), 18-inch ridge setbacks rising to 36 inches above 33% array coverage, and no panels below an emergency escape opening. The Ohio Fire Code's Section 1205 (2024 IFC) adds that roof access points must be approved by the fire code official and requires a red dual-power-source warning sign with 3-inch white letters.10,9

Climate and site factors

Snow and wind

The RCO leaves ground snow load and wind speed for each jurisdiction to fill in on Table R301.2(1); Columbus, for example, publishes 20 psf ground snow and a 90 mph wind speed.10,11

Certified departments

Where no certified residential building department has jurisdiction, homeowners need no residential plan approval, so the paperwork a job needs depends on the address.12

Warning signage

The 2025 Ohio Fire Code adds a state-specific red dual-power warning sign with 3-inch white letters for structures with PV, on top of NEC labeling.9

HOAs

Ohio's planned-community statute allows solar unless the declaration expressly bans it, so the governing documents need to be checked before design.13

Permitting in Ohio

Who reviews the plan set, and what the state layers on top.

Utilities and interconnection

Most Ohioans served by investor-owned utilities can buy generation from a PUCO-certified supplier while the local utility keeps delivering power; a supplier may offer its own net metering terms by contract.15,14

AEP Ohio

Serves about 1.5 million customers in 61 Ohio counties, including Columbus. Interconnection requests go through AEP's PowerClerk portal under PUCO rules in OAC 4901:1-22 and IEEE 1547, and qualifying renewable systems can take its Net Energy Metering Service.16,17

Interconnection page ↗

FirstEnergy (Ohio Edison, The Illuminating Company, Toledo Edison) FirstEnergy

FirstEnergy's three Ohio utilities offer a Net Energy Metering Rider; exports offset delivered energy one-for-one within the billing period and any surplus is credited at the generation component of the customer's rate.18

Interconnection page ↗

Duke Energy Ohio Duke Ohio

Serves more than 735,000 customers in parts of Adams, Brown, Butler, Clermont, Clinton, Hamilton, Montgomery and Warren counties in southwest Ohio, including Cincinnati.19

Interconnection page ↗
Export compensation. Under PUCO rule 4901:1-10-28 (current version effective April 8, 2024), utilities net usage and exports over each monthly billing cycle; a net excess becomes a monetary credit at the energy component of the utility's standard service offer, carried forward on future bills but not paid out and forfeitable if unused or service ends. Suppliers under retail choice may set their own net metering terms.14,20

What we capture on every Ohio survey

One standard, one visit, the same record in Ohio as everywhere else. What it gets checked against is the code stack above.

Roof and structure

  • Measured roof planes: pitch, azimuth, dimensions
  • Every penetration and obstruction, located
  • Rafter or truss size, spacing and span
  • Decking type and condition
  • Layer count at a cut edge
  • Setbacks and fire pathway constraints
  • Horizon shading capture per array area

Electrical and interconnection

  • Main breaker and bus bar rating, photographed separately
  • Meter location and configuration
  • Slot count: used, open, tandem, double-tapped
  • Available interconnection points
  • Existing loads and sub-panels
  • Conduit route, measured along the actual path
  • Grounding electrode and bonding path

Commercial buildings

  • Membrane type, age and condition, with drainage pattern
  • Bar joist depth, spacing and span
  • Deck type and gauge
  • Switchgear and available bus capacity
  • Access and lift constraints for the install crew

Every visit

  • Roof and electrical in one visit, no second trip
  • 48-hour turnaround from survey to deliverable
  • Photo documentation throughout
  • Permit sets available, stamped, 6 days from survey

Ohio solar survey FAQ

Which NEC edition applies to solar in Ohio?

The 2023 NEC, adopted statewide in 2024 for both the Ohio Building Code and the Residential Code of Ohio, with Ohio modifications.1,2

How are exports credited under Ohio net metering?

Usage and exports are netted monthly; any excess is converted to a dollar credit at the energy component of the utility's standard service offer that rolls forward on future bills but is not paid out.14

How big can a net-metered system be in Ohio?

PUCO's rule requires customer-generators to size systems at no more than 120% of their electricity requirements, generally based on the prior three years of usage.14

What rooftop fire pathways does Ohio require on homes?

RCO R324.6 calls for two 36-inch pathways from eave to ridge and 18-inch ridge setbacks (36 inches above 33% coverage), with exceptions for roofs of 2:12 or less.10

Can an Ohio HOA prohibit solar panels?

Only if its declaration specifically prohibits them. Otherwise ORC 5312.16 lets owners install solar, subject to reasonable size and placement rules.13

Services and further reading

Metro pages for Ohio: Columbus.

From Field Notes

Sources

Every local fact on this page links to where it came from. Codes, programs and tariffs change: confirm the current requirement with the AHJ and the utility before you design.

  1. https://codes.ohio.gov/assets/laws/administrative-code/rules/4101/1/4101$1-27-01_eff_3_1_24.pdf
  2. https://codes.ohio.gov/assets/laws/administrative-code/rules/4101/8/4101$8-34-01_eff_4_15_24.pdf
  3. https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/com.ohio.gov/documents/AG101%20Notice%20package.pdf
  4. https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Contractor-Information/Getting-Started-Commercial-Residential-Codes
  5. https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-administrative-code/rule-4101:8-3-01
  6. https://com.ohio.gov/divisions-and-programs/industrial-compliance/boards/board-of-building-standards/building-codes-and-interpretations/proposed-obc-opc-and+rco-rules-amendments
  7. https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/com.ohio.gov/documents/2024%20Ohio%20Building%20Code%20Rules%20Effective%20March%201,%202024.pdf
  8. https://codes.ohio.gov/assets/laws/administrative-code/rules/1301/7/1301$7-7-01_eff_11_20_25.pdf
  9. https://codes.ohio.gov/assets/laws/administrative-code/rules/1301/7/1301$7-7-12_eff_11_20_25.pdf
  10. https://codes.ohio.gov/assets/laws/administrative-code/rules/4101/8/4101$8-3-01_eff_7_1_19.pdf
  11. https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/1/building-and-zoning/document-library/cic-09-climatic-and-geographic-design-approved.pdf
  12. https://codes.ohio.gov/assets/laws/administrative-code/rules/4101/8/4101$8-1-01_eff_7_1_19.pdf
  13. https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-5312.16
  14. https://codes.ohio.gov/assets/laws/administrative-code/authenticated/4901/1/10/4901$1-10-28_20240408.pdf
  15. https://puco.ohio.gov/utilities/electricity/resources/choosing-an-electric-supplier
  16. https://www.aep.com/news/stories/view/10823/
  17. https://www.aepohio.com/business/builders/generating-equipment
  18. https://www.firstenergycorp.com/feconnect/ohio-interconnection/OH-retail-interconnection/frequentlyaskedquestions.html
  19. https://news.duke-energy.com/releases/duke-energy-ohio-proposes-new-customer-benefits-requests-electric-distribution-rate-review-as-it-continues-grid-service-improvements
  20. https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-administrative-code/rule-4901:1-10-28

Researched September 30, 2026.

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