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Home  /  Solar site surveys  /  Michigan

Solar site surveys · Michigan

Solar site surveys in Michigan

A technician on the roof, in the attic and at the service panel, with the survey read against the code editions, AHJs and utilities that apply in Michigan.

NEC 2023Electrical code in effect
2Utilities covered here
48 hrsSurvey to deliverable
Nationwide500+ technicians
Short answer

Michigan runs a single state construction code: the 2023 NEC has been the Michigan Electrical Code since March 12, 2024, and the 2021 IBC-based Michigan Building Code since April 9, 2025, but homes remain on the 2015 IRC-based Michigan Residential Code because a July 2025 court order paused the 2021 update. DTE, Consumers Energy and the other rate-regulated utilities credit solar under an inflow/outflow distributed generation tariff, with the program cap raised to 10% of peak load by Public Act 235 of 2023.

What changes in Michigan

The capture spec is the same everywhere. What the engineer and the plan reviewer read it against is not.

MI · METROSDetroit
Code stack
2023NEC 2023National Electrical Code · effective Mar 12, 2024. The Michigan Electrical Code (Part 8 rules, R 408.30801) adopts the 2023 NEC second printing with Michigan amendments, effective March 12, 2024, and applies statewide including one- and two-family dwellings. LARA opened a 2026 Part 8 rule set with an advisory meeting on August 27, 2026, so watch for the next edition.1,2
2015IRC 2015The Michigan Residential Code (Part 5) still adopts the 2015 IRC. Rules adopting the 2021 IRC were set to take effect August 29, 2025, but a July 7, 2025 stipulated order in Home Builders Association v. LARA keeps the 2015 version in force while the lawsuits continue.3,4
2021IBC 2021The Michigan Building Code (Part 4) adopts the 2021 IBC with Michigan amendments; the rules were filed December 10, 2024 and took effect April 9, 2025.5
Rooftop fire access. Because homes stay on the 2015 IRC, the older R324.7 access rules apply: 3-foot eave-to-ridge pathways on each hip-roof slope with panels, two 3-foot pathways per slope on single-ridge roofs, 18 inches from hips and valleys with panels on both sides, and panels at least 3 feet below the ridge, with exceptions for roofs of 2:12 or less or where the code official accepts another ventilation method.6,3

Climate and site factors

Snow loads

Michigan's residential code replaces the IRC snow map with a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction ground snow table; Wayne County is 20 psf except Northville at 25 psf, while parts of the northern Lower Peninsula and Upper Peninsula are listed at 50 to 70 psf.3

Code in limbo

The residential code update to the 2021 IRC is on hold by court order, so the 2015 residential code and its older solar pathway layout stay in effect until the litigation ends.4

Roof pathways

The 2015 IRC access rules key on roof shape (hip, single ridge, hips and valleys) and keep panels 3 feet below the ridge, so roof geometry has to be recorded plane by plane.6

HOAs

Since the 2024 Homeowners' Energy Policy Act, associations cannot ban rooftop solar but can require panels to follow the roof slope and stay within 6 inches of the roof, among other limited conditions.7

Permitting in Michigan

Who reviews the plan set, and what the state layers on top.

Utilities and interconnection

The utility decides the interconnection path and what an exported kilowatt-hour is worth.

DTE Electric DTE

Serves 2.3 million customers in southeastern Michigan, including Detroit. Installers apply through PowerClerk for the Rider 18 Distributed Generation program; the application fee is $50 and residential systems are limited to 100% of the meter's usage and 150 kW per site.10,11

Interconnection page ↗

Consumers Energy Consumers

Serves about 1.8 million electric customers in 62 Lower Peninsula counties. Its Distributed Generation program replaced net metering on January 1, 2021, with Level 1 covering systems of 20 kW or less and a $50 interconnection application fee.12,13

Interconnection page ↗
Export compensation. Rate-regulated utilities bill inflow at the full retail rate and credit outflow; to date the MPSC has set the outflow credit at the power supply part of the retail rate, sometimes less transmission. Public Act 235 of 2023 raised the program cap to 10% of average peak load, allowed systems up to 110% of the prior year's use, and let outflow credits offset the whole bill; DTE's Rider 18 credits outflow at the power supply rate including PSCR, applies it to all charges except securitization, and banks surplus for future bills.14,15,16

What we capture on every Michigan survey

One standard, one visit, the same record in Michigan as everywhere else. What it gets checked against is the code stack above.

Roof and structure

  • Measured roof planes: pitch, azimuth, dimensions
  • Every penetration and obstruction, located
  • Rafter or truss size, spacing and span
  • Decking type and condition
  • Layer count at a cut edge
  • Setbacks and fire pathway constraints
  • Horizon shading capture per array area

Electrical and interconnection

  • Main breaker and bus bar rating, photographed separately
  • Meter location and configuration
  • Slot count: used, open, tandem, double-tapped
  • Available interconnection points
  • Existing loads and sub-panels
  • Conduit route, measured along the actual path
  • Grounding electrode and bonding path

Commercial buildings

  • Membrane type, age and condition, with drainage pattern
  • Bar joist depth, spacing and span
  • Deck type and gauge
  • Switchgear and available bus capacity
  • Access and lift constraints for the install crew

Every visit

  • Roof and electrical in one visit, no second trip
  • 48-hour turnaround from survey to deliverable
  • Photo documentation throughout
  • Permit sets available, stamped, 6 days from survey

Michigan solar survey FAQ

Which NEC edition applies to solar in Michigan?

The 2023 NEC, adopted as the Michigan Electrical Code effective March 12, 2024 and applied statewide.1

Is the 2021 Michigan Residential Code in effect?

Not as of September 2026. A July 7, 2025 court order paused the 2021 IRC-based update, so the 2015 IRC-based Michigan Residential Code remains in force while the litigation continues.4,2

How does Michigan's distributed generation tariff credit solar exports?

Energy drawn from the grid is billed at retail, and exported outflow earns a credit that has generally equaled the power supply portion of the retail rate. Since Public Act 235 of 2023, those credits can offset the whole bill.14

Can a Michigan HOA stop me from installing solar?

Generally no. Public Act 68 of 2024 voids HOA bans on solar and requires a decision within 30 days, though associations can set limited conditions and the act does not cover common areas or shared roofs.7

How large can a Michigan distributed generation system be?

Up to 110% of the customer's annual electricity use and no more than 550 kW, with half of each utility's 10% program cap reserved for systems of 20 kW or less.14

Services and further reading

Metro pages for Michigan: Detroit.

From Field Notes

Sources

Every local fact on this page links to where it came from. Codes, programs and tariffs change: confirm the current requirement with the AHJ and the utility before you design.

  1. https://www.michigan.gov/lara/-/media/Project/Websites/lara/bcc-media/ASD/2022-59-LR-Part-8-Electrical-Code/2023-Part-8-Michigan-Electrical--Final-Rules---Effective-3-12-2024.pdf?rev=81038ff2bb394ca38b5b07f65506eef4&hash=ABCD97A2775E8E419CB5020FA5EBB0B8
  2. https://www.michigan.gov/lara/bureau-list/bcc/rules-acts/rules/currently-open
  3. https://ars.apps.lara.state.mi.us/AdminCode/DownloadAdminCodeFile?FileName=R+408.30500++to+408.30547g.pdf&ReturnHTML=True
  4. https://www.michigan.gov/lara/-/media/Project/Websites/lara/bcc-media/ASD/2021-Code-Injunction-Residential-Part-5-and-Energy-Part-10.pdf
  5. https://www.michigan.gov/lara/-/media/Project/Websites/lara/bcc-media/ASD/Current-Open-rules-Building-2023/Part-4-Buildingl-Code-Web-Language-Final-Rules.pdf?hash=40EF1EF1BEFF6C87B622CFA0713D6739&rev=4d9cb2c5df2e43cc8b80b21740ea0fa7
  6. https://portagemi.gov/DocumentCenter/View/6555/Michigan-Residential-Code-for-Solar-Installs
  7. https://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2023-2024/publicact/htm/2024-PA-0068.htm
  8. https://www.michigan.gov/lara/-/media/Project/Websites/lara/bcc-media/ASD/StatewideJurisdictionList.pdf?rev=7d4adeaa8a23466aa243290534162caf&hash=EE86C940106613FDBE51C35E897968EA
  9. https://www.michigan.gov/lara/bureau-list/bcc/bcc---full-description
  10. https://www.dteenergy.com/us/en/business/about-dte/about-dte/about-dte.html
  11. https://solutions.dteenergy.com/dte/en/Services/CleanVision-Service/Rooftop-Solar-and-Private-Generation/p/ROOFTOP_SOLAR
  12. https://www.cmsenergy.com/about-cms-energy/consumers-energy/default.aspx
  13. https://www.consumersenergy.com/residential/savings-and-clean-energy/renewable-energy/distributed-generation
  14. https://www.michigan.gov/mpsc/-/media/Project/Websites/mpsc/regulatory/reports/RE-DG/2025-RE-DG.pdf?rev=357d9acef3b544c9b1ea4fec86874ee7
  15. https://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2023-2024/publicact/pdf/2023-PA-0235.pdf
  16. https://www.dteenergy.com/content/dam/dteenergy/deg/website/common/service-and-request/interconnection-process/PA235LetterRooftopSolar.pdf

Researched September 30, 2026.

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